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Fahimtar Kakakin Takaitaccen bayani: Daga Buchhholz Relay zuwa bambancin bambance
Sep 24, 2025
Bar sako
Masu canzawa suna da mahimmanci, suna ci gaba da aiki dukiyar da aka sani don babban amincinsu. Koyaya, an sanya sau da yawa a waje a waje kuma sau da yawa tare da rijiyoyin kuɗi da igiyoyin tunani, suna kasancewa da haɗari ga gazuracewa. Wannan jagorar tana bincika tushen tushen canzawa, haskaka kurakuran yau da kullun da tsarin kariya na gaba waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa lalacewa mai tsada.
Canjin ciki na yau da kullun da marasa ƙarfi
Abubuwan da ba a rarraba su ba cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan ciki da na waje.
Kurakuran cikifaruwa a cikin tanki, gami da Mataki - Kiforfors gajere, da kuma hanzarta laifuka.
Kurakuran wajeHaɗe da gajeren da'irori tsakanin tashoshin bushewa ko flashover a duk daji zuwa ƙasa.
Kuskuren ciki suna da haɗari musamman. Babban -} ukun Arc makamashi na iya lalata ainihin ainihin da kuma rufin iska. Hakanan ya bazu mai mai, yana samar da gas wanda zai iya haifar da tanki mai lalacewa ko fashewa. Saboda haka, warewar kai tsaye tana da mahimmanci ga gano kuskure.
Yanayin aiki na mahaukaci, kamar saukar da ruwa, ƙaramin matakai, overcurrent thatilsan mai daga waje, yanayin zafi, da kuma gazawarar lokaci, da kuma gazawar tsarin aiki, da hana ci gaba mai aiki da aiki kuma ya hana ci gaba.
Tsarin tsarin kariya
Cikakken tsarin kare ya hada da:
Kariyar farko (babban kariya):Suna aiki da kai tsaye don kurakurai na ciki. Key tsarin sun hada da bambance bambancen da Buchholz ya ba da izini (kariyar gas).
Kariyar Accoup:Yana aiki idan aka kashe jami'an firamare. Ya hada da ƙayyadadden duniya Laifi / jiran aiki a tsaye (sake / sbf), kariya ta wuce gona da iri tare da ikon ƙarfin lantarki, da kuma kariya ta ban sha'awa.
Kariyar Yanayi mara kyau:Monitors non {0} Ayyukan masu mahimmanci. Ya ƙunshi kariyar kariya, a {{2} kumburi (v / HZ) kariya, zazzabi / saka idanu na rashin lafiya, da kuma rashin lafiya tsarin.
Non -} Shirye tsarin kariya na lantarki
Gudanarwa na canji ta amfani da wanda ba shi da izini ba kamar mai, gas, da zazzabi ana kiranta ba {{1} Kariyar lantarki ba. Wadannan kariyar da suka hada da kariyar gas, kariya ta matsin lamba, kariya ta zafi, kariyar mai, da kariya mai sanyaya. Waɗannan kariyar da zasu iya haifar da tafiya ko siginar da ke buƙata ta hanyar buƙatun.
1. Buchhholz Relay (Gas & Kariyar mai)
Wannan kariyar mabuɗin yana gano kurakuran gas ta hanyar lalata gas (daga lalata mai) da kuma tsallake mai a cikin tanki.
Ƙananan kuskure (matakin late):Slow gas tarin daga ɗan ƙaramin ruwa yana haifar da injin tasirin ruwa, bayar da ƙararrawa.
Manyan kuskure (matakin tafiya):Tsarin gas mai zafi da saurin mai da sauri daga kurakurai na ciki kare flap, nan take Triping da mai fashewa.
Matsayi mai mahimmanci:Buchholz gudun ba da kariya ta farko, mai matukar hankali ga kurakurai kamar Inter- juya gajerun wando wanda bazai iya samar da mahimmancin halin yanzu ba.
2. Karanta matsin lamba
Na'urori kamar matsishin taimako da kuma zubar da ruwa na kwatsam suna aiki a matsayin kariya na farko ta hanyar mayar da matsi mai haɗari yana ƙaruwa a cikin tanki ya haifar da shi a cikin tanki.
3. Zazzabi da mai lura da mai
Waɗannan tsarin tsarin suna haifar da ararancin yanayin zafi na manyen mai, ko matattarar mai, yana ba da kariya ga kulawa da kuma guje wa lalata.
4
Cikakken asarar sanyaya yana haifar da haɓaka zafin zazzabi. Wannan ƙararrawa na kariya kuma, bayan jinkirin lokaci yana ba da izinin gyara mataki, yana tafe don hana lalacewar zafi.
Kariya ta daban: Garkuwar firamare ta lantarki
Wannan kariya tana kwatanta igiyoyi shiga da barin mai canzawa. Duk wani bambanci mai mahimmanci (daban-daban na yau da kullun) yana nuna laifi na ciki a cikin yankin da aka kare.
1. Gudanar da Intrush na yanzu
Inganci mai canzawa yana haifar da ɗan lokaci,- {} {times mag Maganizing interruh (6-8 sau da a halin yanzu), ƙirƙirar siginar farko. Inurruh yana da fasalin daban-daban:
a. Babban amplitude tare da kayan haɗin DC.
b. Peaky zazzabi tare da wata kusurwa mai mahimmanci (rashin aiki).
c. Babban abin da aka jituwa, musamman mahimmancin 2.
Relays na zamani amfani da ƙirar Harmonic (misali, na 2nd Harmonic toshe) ko fasahohin bincike na bincike don bambance Intershents, hana mugunta.
2
Don laifin da ke cikin ciki yana haifar da canji na yanzu (CT) jikewa, abun ciki mai jituwa na iya toshe babban abu daban-daban. Babban - Sanya aikin banbanci yana samar da mafita. It operates purely on the magnitude of the differential current, bypassing all harmonic restraint logic to ensure ultra-fast tripping for critical faults.
Tsarin karewa na Ajiyayyen
Kariyar wariyar ajiya tana tabbatar da ma'anar ƙa'idodin idan tsarin farko sun kasa.
1
Wannan makirci shine wariyar ajiya mai mahimmanci ga zunuban lokaci. Ya haɗu da abubuwa masu yawa tare da envoltvoltage da / ko mara kyau - o ganowa na wutar lantarki. Hukumar lantarki tana ba da damar ɗan saitin ɗakunan ajiya na yanzu, haɓaka jihadi yayin da ya kasance amintacce yayin yanayin ɗaukar hoto.
2. Ciki Kuskuren Tsarin Kariya
Kariyar Ajiyayyu Don Cikakken Clight Clinits na manyan da matsakaici {0} {Entreformers yawan aiki, Kariyar ƙasa da yawa.
M eveted tsaka tsaki: Yi amfani da shugabanci ko ba - tsararraki ƙasa Laifi (sifili {{1} {to) kariyar ta yanzu. Lokaci na Tsara Lokaci yana ba da damar don zaɓin zaɓin (misali, bas -} sashi da farko, sannan canza ware, to transfermer).
Bayyana (ware) tsaka tsaki: Don iyakance Laifi na yanzu, wasu masu canzawa ba a jera ba. Wadannan kariya ta tsaka-tsaki na lantarki (resporage overvoltage {1} U0 1} U0} U0)
Earia ta hanyar tsaka tsakirar ƙasa mai tsayayya (NGR): Hanyar gama gari don iyakance laifin yanzu. Kare yawanci yana lura da kulawa ta hanyar NGR.
EASHE BEAPAR FASALI: Semi na Trans suna da "Semi - incsulated" tsaka-tsaki. Tsarin cikakken tsari na ƙasa ta amfani da haɗin tsaka tsaki na halin yanzu (idan rarar ramuka ya ƙare) da rarar abinci (3U0) yana kare rufin tsoma baki a lokacin da ke cikin alamu. Yana daidaitawa tare da sauran kariya ta kuskure.
Ƙarshe
Dogara - ired, Multi-} Tsarin karewar kariya shine paray don canzawa mai dogaro da tsawon rai. Fahimtar waɗannan ka'idodi {3} Daga tushe mai tushe da saka idanu zuwa ci gaba daban-daban da tsarin ajiya {4} ya zama maɓallin tsaro na wuta. Abokin tarayya tare da masana don aiwatar da dabarun kariya na kare don mahimmancin kadarorin.
Aika Aikace-aikacen